Hormonal Imbalance and Infectious Diseases in Female Infertility: A Cross-Sectional Study in Garoua, Cameroon

Didiane Mefokou Yemele, Edwige Zoubo Moune, Isaac Mboh Eyong, Steve Francky Sohanang Nodem, Yvette Drapal Djouma Abile Amina, Rosine Dicko Newe, Djamilatou Leïla, Phélix Bruno Telefo and Elias Nukenine Nchiwan*

Objective: Infertility is one of the most common reasons for consultation in gynecology services. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of women’s infertility in Garoua City, North region, Cameroon in other to guide its prevention and treatment. 

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the gynecology services of Military and Regional Hospitals of Garoua and women coming for medical consultations were included. The variables studied including socio-demographic characteristics, style of life, and infertility statuses were assessed using a well-structured and validated questionnaire. Mycoplasma infections were assessed in vaginal swabs using Mycoplasma Culturing, Identification Kit whereas, chlamydia infections were detected in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit. Hormone levels including follicle-stimulating (FSH), luteinizing (LH), and estradiol bloods serum were determined by Immunofluorescence. 

Results: A prevalence rate of 9.52% (n = 62) of women infertility was recorded in this study. Primary infertility was more prevalent (58%) compared to secondary infertility (42%). The lifestyle mode of the women with infertility revealed the presence of those with high body mass index (22.6%), alcohol consumption (22.6%), and obesity (8.1%). U. urealyticum and C. trachomatis infections were the most common with 29.9% (n = 18) and 27.4% (n = 17) respectively. The hormonal mean values of 6.84 ± 5.41 IU/L, 12.44 ± 10.99 IU/L, 12.59 ± 6.21 pg/L, and 1.8 for FSH, LH, Estradiol and LH/FSH ratio respectively were found. Most women with infertility had normal hormone values of 79%, 74.2%, and 67.7% for FSH, Estradiol, and LH respectively (Table 5). High values of LH (27.4%) FSH (6.5%), and Estradiol (6.5%) and low values of Estradiol (19.4%), FSH (14.5%), and LH (4.8%) were also recorded. 

Conclusion: Considering various associated factors for women’s infertility, this showed the important contribution of lifestyle mode, sexually transmitted diseases, the variability on the hormone balance, and LH/FSH ratio.

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Published on: Jan 17, 2025 Pages: 1-8

Full Text PDF Full Text HTML DOI: 10.17352/ijsrhc.000050
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